Functional constipation (FC) is a common childhood health problem, accounting for approximately 95% of constipation cases in children and adolescents.[1] It is characterized by infrequent bowel movements, hard stools, and painful defecation. Dietary changes, stressful events, premature toilet training, and voluntary stool withholding can contribute to its development. Painful defecation often leads to a cycle of withholding and worsening constipation. Management aims to relieve faecal impaction, restore regular bowel movements, and prevent recurrence. A comprehensive approach includes parental counselling, adequate fluid and fibre intake, physical activity, behavioural therapy, appropriate toilet training, and medical treatment. According to the Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP) recommendations, osmotic laxatives, particularly polyethylene glycol (PEG) 1-1.5 g/kg/day, are preferred for disimpaction and maintenance therapy because of their established efficacy and favourable safety profile.[2] Long-term maintenance treatment is essential, as premature discontinuation can increase the risk of relapse. Guidelines recommend continuing therapy until symptoms resolve and regular bowel habits are established, followed by gradual dose tapering. Early intervention, consistent treatment, and regular follow-ups are crucial for successful outcomes. Long-term PEG therapy can support painless defecation, improve treatment acceptability, and help prevent recurrence, making maintenance therapy a key component of effective functional constipation management in children.
Reference(s):
1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537037/
2. https://www.scribd.com/document/837365379/Ch-064-IAP-Parental-Guideline-Constipation